A Blockchain-Based System for Just-In-Time in Construction Supply Chains

Purpose – Blockchain technology is increasingly recognized for enhancing supply chain (SC) performance and collaboration in construction. Just-In-Time (JIT) management promotes precision, efficiency and timely delivery. Integrating blockchain with JIT presents a promising solution to long-standing issues in the construction supply chain (CSC), such as fragmentation, inefficiencies and poor coordination. However, this integration remains underexplored. This study addresses the gap by developing a blockchain-based CSC system to optimize JIT implementation, aiming to streamline workflows, enhance transparency and improve stakeholder coordination in the complex and fragmented construction environment. Design/methodology/approach – Employing a systematic literature review and expert brainstorming, a blockchain-based CSC system for facilitating JIT management is modeled and developed using the Hyperledger Fabric platform. A real-world case study is conducted to evaluate its effectiveness and efficiency gains. The comprehensive methodological framework ensures both theoretical rigor and practical validation. Findings – The proposed system aligns with the four key objectives of JIT and twelve functions of blockchain within the CSC lifecycle process. Both public and private blockchain platforms for implementing JIT in CSC are established. The case study demonstrates their significance in improving inventory management, shortening lead times and enhancing production and transportation efficiency. Originality/value – This research contributes to the existing knowledge on blockchain adoption in CSC by integrating JIT principles. It provides a novel framework for incorporating blockchain and JIT to enhance efficiency and transparency in CSC operations, supporting industry-wide adoption. It offers valuable insights for practitioners and researchers interested in leveraging blockchain for JIT in CSC optimization.