TY - JOUR
T1 - Cannabinoids in Integumentary Wound Care
T2 - A Systematic Review of Emerging Preclinical and Clinical Evidence
AU - Niyangoda, Dhakshila
AU - Muayad, Mohammed
AU - Tesfaye, Wubshet
AU - Bushell, Mary
AU - Ahmad, Danish
AU - Samarawickrema, Indira
AU - Sinclair, Justin
AU - Kebriti, Shida
AU - Maida, Vincent
AU - Thomas, Jackson
N1 - Funding Information:
D.N. was supported by the PhD scholarship from the Accelerating Higher Education Expansion and Development Operation (AHEAD), Sri Lanka (AHEAD/PhD/R3/AH/369). J.T., W.T., M.B., and I.S. received a Seed Grant from the University of Canberra, Australia (Awarded July 2021).
Funding Information:
Justin Sinclair (J.S.) is a recipient of the Western Sydney University Post-graduate research scholarship and is employed by the Australian Natural Therapeutics Group. J.S. also sits on the board of the Australian Medicinal Cannabis Association, and the advisory boards of Cannabis Clinicians Australia and United in Compassion, all in a pro bono capacity. Vincent Maida (V.M.) is the Chief Medical Scientist for Kensana Health Inc. He has developed cannabinoid-based treatments for integumentary and wound management. Indira Samarawickrema (I.M.) is the Director of Strategy Coaching and Research Consulting Pty Ltd. Shida Kebriti (S.K.) is the manager of Eczane Pharmaceuticals, a company with a focus on skincare products. While there is no direct or explicit conflict of interest related to this publication, this affiliation may be seen as a potential perceived conflict of interest. All other authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 by the authors.
PY - 2024/8
Y1 - 2024/8
N2 - This systematic review critically evaluates preclinical and clinical data on the antibacterial and wound healing properties of cannabinoids in integument wounds. Comprehensive searches were conducted across multiple databases, including CINAHL, Cochrane library, Medline, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and LILACS, encompassing records up to May 22, 2024. Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Eleven were animal studies, predominantly utilizing murine models (n = 10) and one equine model, involving 437 animals. The seven human studies ranged from case reports to randomized controlled trials, encompassing 92 participants aged six months to ninety years, with sample sizes varying from 1 to 69 patients. The studies examined the effects of various cannabinoid formulations, including combinations with other plant extracts, crude extracts, and purified and synthetic cannabis-based medications administered topically, intraperitoneally, orally, or sublingually. Four animal and three human studies reported complete wound closure. Hemp fruit oil extract, cannabidiol (CBD), and GP1a resulted in complete wound closure in twenty-three (range: 5–84) days with a healing rate of 66–86% within ten days in animal studies. One human study documented a wound healing rate of 3.3 cm2 over 30 days, while three studies on chronic, non-healing wounds reported an average healing time of 54 (21–150) days for 17 patients by oral oils with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and CBD and topical gels with THC, CBD, and terpenes. CBD and tetrahydrocannabidiol demonstrated significant potential in reducing bacterial loads in murine models. However, further high-quality research is imperative to fully elucidate the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids in the treatment of bacterial skin infections and wounds. Additionally, it is crucial to delineate the impact of medicinal cannabis on the various phases of wound healing. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021255413).
AB - This systematic review critically evaluates preclinical and clinical data on the antibacterial and wound healing properties of cannabinoids in integument wounds. Comprehensive searches were conducted across multiple databases, including CINAHL, Cochrane library, Medline, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and LILACS, encompassing records up to May 22, 2024. Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Eleven were animal studies, predominantly utilizing murine models (n = 10) and one equine model, involving 437 animals. The seven human studies ranged from case reports to randomized controlled trials, encompassing 92 participants aged six months to ninety years, with sample sizes varying from 1 to 69 patients. The studies examined the effects of various cannabinoid formulations, including combinations with other plant extracts, crude extracts, and purified and synthetic cannabis-based medications administered topically, intraperitoneally, orally, or sublingually. Four animal and three human studies reported complete wound closure. Hemp fruit oil extract, cannabidiol (CBD), and GP1a resulted in complete wound closure in twenty-three (range: 5–84) days with a healing rate of 66–86% within ten days in animal studies. One human study documented a wound healing rate of 3.3 cm2 over 30 days, while three studies on chronic, non-healing wounds reported an average healing time of 54 (21–150) days for 17 patients by oral oils with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and CBD and topical gels with THC, CBD, and terpenes. CBD and tetrahydrocannabidiol demonstrated significant potential in reducing bacterial loads in murine models. However, further high-quality research is imperative to fully elucidate the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids in the treatment of bacterial skin infections and wounds. Additionally, it is crucial to delineate the impact of medicinal cannabis on the various phases of wound healing. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021255413).
KW - antibacterial
KW - antimicrobial resistance
KW - cannabinoids
KW - medicinal cannabis
KW - wound healing
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85202531421&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/pharmaceutics16081081
DO - 10.3390/pharmaceutics16081081
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85202531421
SN - 1999-4923
VL - 16
SP - 1
EP - 35
JO - Pharmaceutics
JF - Pharmaceutics
IS - 8
M1 - 1081
ER -
