TY - JOUR
T1 - Costos económicos de las invasiones biológicas en Ecuador
T2 - La importancia de las islas Galápagos
AU - Ballesteros-Mejia, Liliana
AU - Angulo, Elena
AU - Diagne, Christophe
AU - Cooke, Brian
AU - Nunez, Martin A.
AU - Courchamp, Franck
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge the French National Research Agency (ANR-14-CE02-0021) and the BNP-Paribas Foundation Climate Initiative for funding the Invacost project that allowed the construction of the InvaCost database. The present work was conducted fol lowing a workshop funded by the AXA Research Fund Chair of Invasion Biology and is part of the AlienScenario project funded by BiodivERsA and Belmont-Forum call 2018 on biodiversity scenarios. Thanks to Melissa Ballesteros for helping with the abstract translations. EA and LBM contracts come from the AXA Research Fund Chair of Invasion Biology of University Paris Saclay. CD is funded by the BiodivERsA-Belmont Forum Project ?Alien Scenarios? (BMBF/PT DLR 01LC1807C). The authors also thank Virginia Duboscq-Carra for her contribution of compiling data for "InvaCost". We want to acknowledge all environmental managers, and researchers who kindly answered our request for information about the costs of invasive species. Last but not least, the authors thank Dr. Heinke J?ger for her thorough revision of the article which greatly improved it.
Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge the French National Research Agency (ANR-14-CE02-0021) and the BNP-Paribas Foundation Climate Initiative for funding the Invacost project that allowed the construction of the InvaCost database. The present work was conducted fol- lowing a workshop funded by the AXA Research Fund Chair of Invasion Biology and is part of the AlienScenario project funded by BiodivERsA and Belmont-Forum call 2018 on biodiversity scenarios. Thanks to Melissa Ballesteros for helping with the abstract translations. EA and LBM contracts come from the AXA Research Fund Chair of Invasion Biology of University Paris Saclay. CD is funded by the BiodivERsA-Belmont Forum Project “Alien Scenarios” (BMBF/PT DLR 01LC1807C). The authors also thank Virginia Duboscq-Carra for her contribution of compiling data for "InvaCost". We want to acknowledge all environmental managers, and researchers who kindly answered our request for information about the costs of invasive species. Last but not least, the authors thank Dr. Heinke Jäger for her thorough revision of the article which greatly improved it.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Liliana Ballesteros-Mejia et al. All Rights Reserved.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Biological invasions, as a result of human intervention through trade and mobility, are the second biggest cause of biodiversity loss. The impacts of invasive alien species (IAS) on the environment are well known, however, economic impacts are poorly estimated, especially in mega-diverse countries where both economic and ecological consequences of these effects can be catastrophic. Ecuador, one of the smallest mega-diverse countries, lacks a comprehensive description of the economic costs of IAS within its territory. Here, using "InvaCost", a public database that compiles all recorded monetary costs associated with IAS from English and Non-English sources, we investigated the economic costs of biological invasions. We found that between 1983 and 2017, the reported costs associated with biological invasions ranged between US$86.17 million (when considering only the most robust data) and US$626 million (when including all cost data) belonging to 37 species and 27 genera. Furthermore, 99% of the recorded cost entries were from the Galapagos Islands. From only robust data, the costliest identified taxonomic group was feral goats (Capra hircus; US$20 million), followed by Aedes mosquitoes (US$2.14 million) while organisms like plant species from the genus Rubus, a parasitic fly (Philornis downsi), black rats (Rattus rattus) and terrestrial gastropods (Achatina fulica) represented less than US$2 million each. Costs of "mixed-taxa" (i.e. plants and animals) represented the highest (61% of total robust costs; US$52.44 million). The most impacted activity sector was the national park authorities, which spent about US$84 million. Results from robust data also revealed that management expenditures were the major type of costs recorded in the Galapagos Islands; however, costs reported for medical losses related to Aedes mosquitoes causing dengue fever in mainland Ecuador would have ranked first if more detailed information had allowed us to categorize them as robust data. Over 70% of the IAS reported for Ecuador did not have reported costs. These results suggest that costs reported here are a massive underestimate of the actual economic toll of invasions in the country.
AB - Biological invasions, as a result of human intervention through trade and mobility, are the second biggest cause of biodiversity loss. The impacts of invasive alien species (IAS) on the environment are well known, however, economic impacts are poorly estimated, especially in mega-diverse countries where both economic and ecological consequences of these effects can be catastrophic. Ecuador, one of the smallest mega-diverse countries, lacks a comprehensive description of the economic costs of IAS within its territory. Here, using "InvaCost", a public database that compiles all recorded monetary costs associated with IAS from English and Non-English sources, we investigated the economic costs of biological invasions. We found that between 1983 and 2017, the reported costs associated with biological invasions ranged between US$86.17 million (when considering only the most robust data) and US$626 million (when including all cost data) belonging to 37 species and 27 genera. Furthermore, 99% of the recorded cost entries were from the Galapagos Islands. From only robust data, the costliest identified taxonomic group was feral goats (Capra hircus; US$20 million), followed by Aedes mosquitoes (US$2.14 million) while organisms like plant species from the genus Rubus, a parasitic fly (Philornis downsi), black rats (Rattus rattus) and terrestrial gastropods (Achatina fulica) represented less than US$2 million each. Costs of "mixed-taxa" (i.e. plants and animals) represented the highest (61% of total robust costs; US$52.44 million). The most impacted activity sector was the national park authorities, which spent about US$84 million. Results from robust data also revealed that management expenditures were the major type of costs recorded in the Galapagos Islands; however, costs reported for medical losses related to Aedes mosquitoes causing dengue fever in mainland Ecuador would have ranked first if more detailed information had allowed us to categorize them as robust data. Over 70% of the IAS reported for Ecuador did not have reported costs. These results suggest that costs reported here are a massive underestimate of the actual economic toll of invasions in the country.
KW - Damages
KW - economic costs
KW - InvaCost
KW - invasive alien species
KW - mainland Ecuador
KW - management
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85113179306&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3897/neobiota.67.59116
DO - 10.3897/neobiota.67.59116
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85113179306
SN - 1619-0033
VL - 67
SP - 375
EP - 400
JO - NeoBiota
JF - NeoBiota
ER -