@article{e68aab9989654357bb7feb38787738b2,
title = "Cryptic biodiversity in the freshwater fishes of the Kimberley endemism hotspot, northwestern Australia",
abstract = "The prevalence of unrecognised cryptic species impairs biodiversity estimates, clouds biological research and hinders conservation planning. As the rate of cryptic species detection increases globally, research is needed to determine how frequent cryptic species are, whether they are more common in given management regions, and whether these patterns are consistent across taxonomic groups. The Kimberley region in remote northwestern Australia harbours some of the most speciose, and morphologically and functionally diverse, endemic animal and plant communities on the continent. The rugged and changeable landscape also appears to contain a large proportion of cryptic terrestrial species, raising the question of whether similar patterns are also found among aquatic taxa, which have yet to be studied using integrative systematic approaches. If true, then the actual levels of aquatic biodiversity are yet to be fully realised. Here we conducted a molecular assessment of where species boundaries may exist in the Kimberley regions{\textquoteright} most speciose freshwater fish family, the Terapontidae (grunters), with a combined morphological assessment of the regions{\textquoteright} most speciose terapontid genus, Syncomistes. Assessment of nuclear markers (54 allozyme loci), sequence data (mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb); nuclear recombination activation gene one (RAG1)) and 31 meristic and 36 morphometric characters provides evidence for 13 new candidate species across three different genera. Many of these candidate species are narrow range endemics. Our findings raise several questions about the evolutionary origin of the Kimberley's endemic fish fauna and highlight the likelihood that freshwater fish species diversity in the Kimberley is severely under-represented by current systematic frameworks, with significant implications for ecological research, conservation and management.",
keywords = "Cryptic species, Introgression, Morphology, Species-delimitation, Syncomistes, Terapontidae, DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics, Phylogeny, Biodiversity, Haplotypes/genetics, Discriminant Analysis, Fishes/classification, Likelihood Functions, Animals, Bayes Theorem, Fresh Water, Australia, Evolution, Molecular",
author = "Shelley, {James J.} and Swearer, {Stephen E.} and Mark Adams and Tim Dempster and {Le Feuvre}, {Matthew C.} and Hammer, {Michael P.} and Unmack, {Peter J.}",
note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge the funding contributions for this project from the Hermon Slade Foundation (grant number HSF 11/4), the Holsworth Wildlife Research Endowment, and the Winifred Violet Scott Charitable Trust. We also thank Martin Gomon for his advice regarding morphological methods. Gerald Allen, Jon Armbruster, Michael Baltzly, Joshua Brown, Chris Burridge, Bush Blitz, Stephen Caldwell, Adam Fletcher, David Galeotti, Mark Kennard, Alfred Ko'ou, Andrew McDougall, Masaki Miya, David Morgan, Tim Page, Colton Perna, Ikising Petasi, Michael Pusey, Ross Smith and the Hydrobiology team, and Adam Kerezsy are thanked for their efforts in helping to collect and/or provide specimens. Thanks are also due to the Australian Wildlife Conservancy, Argyle Diamond Mine, Crocodile Hole Community, Department of Parks and Wildlife, Drysdale Station, Dunkeld Pastoral Company, Ellenbrae Station, Flying Fox Hole Community, Kalumburu Aboriginal Corporation, Lissadell Station, Mt Elizabeth Station for permissions and access to sampling sites. Finally, we thank Martin Gomon, Samantha Bui, and Butch Maher for their invaluable field assistance. All work had animal ethics approval from the Research Ethics and Integrity office at the University of Melbourne, ID 1212470.1. All collections by the authors were made under Government of Western Australia, Department of Fisheries permit, Ref. 220/12. Collections by the authors in National Parks were made under Department of Parks and Wildlife Permit SF008685 (2012?2013) and SF009877 (2014?2015). Funding Information: We acknowledge the funding contributions for this project from the Hermon Slade Foundation (grant number HSF 11/4 ), the Holsworth Wildlife Research Endowment , and the Winifred Violet Scott Charitable Trust . We also thank Martin Gomon for his advice regarding morphological methods. Gerald Allen, Jon Armbruster, Michael Baltzly, Joshua Brown, Chris Burridge, Bush Blitz, Stephen Caldwell, Adam Fletcher, David Galeotti, Mark Kennard, Alfred Ko{\textquoteright}ou, Andrew McDougall, Masaki Miya, David Morgan, Tim Page, Colton Perna, Ikising Petasi, Michael Pusey, Ross Smith and the Hydrobiology team, and Adam Kerezsy are thanked for their efforts in helping to collect and/or provide specimens. Thanks are also due to the Australian Wildlife Conservancy, Argyle Diamond Mine, Crocodile Hole Community, Department of Parks and Wildlife, Drysdale Station, Dunkeld Pastoral Company, Ellenbrae Station, Flying Fox Hole Community, Kalumburu Aboriginal Corporation, Lissadell Station, Mt Elizabeth Station for permissions and access to sampling sites. Finally, we thank Martin Gomon, Samantha Bui, and Butch Maher for their invaluable field assistance. All work had animal ethics approval from the Research Ethics and Integrity office at the University of Melbourne, ID 1212470.1. All collections by the authors were made under Government of Western Australia, Department of Fisheries permit, Ref. 220/12. Collections by the authors in National Parks were made under Department of Parks and Wildlife Permit SF008685 (2012–2013) and SF009877 (2014–2015). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Elsevier Inc.",
year = "2018",
month = oct,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.032",
language = "English",
volume = "127",
pages = "843--858",
journal = "Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution",
issn = "1055-7903",
publisher = "Academic Press Inc.",
}