TY - JOUR
T1 - Energy efficient placement of workloads in composable data center networks
AU - Ajibola, Opeyemi O.
AU - El-Gorashi, Taisir
AU - Elmirghani, Jaafar
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received December 19, 2020; revised February 24, 2021; accepted February 26, 2021. Date of publication March 3, 2021; date of current version May 16, 2021. This work was supported in part by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), in part by INTelligent Energy aware NETworks (INTERNET) under Grant EP/H040536/1, in part by SwiTching And tRansmission (STAR) under Grant EP/K016873/1, and in part by Terabit Bidirectional Multi-user Optical Wireless System (TOWS) project under Grant EP/S016570/1. All data is provided in the results section of this paper. The first author would like to acknowledge his PhD scholarship awarded by the Petroleum Technology Trust Fund (PTDF), Nigeria. (Corresponding author: Opeyemi O. Ajibola.) The authors are with the School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. (e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]).
Publisher Copyright:
© 1983-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2021/5/15
Y1 - 2021/5/15
N2 - This paper studies the energy efficiency of composable data center (DC) infrastructures over network topologies. Using a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model, we compare the performance of disaggregation at rack-scale and pod-scale over selected electrical, optical and hybrid network topologies relative to a traditional DC. Relative to a pod-scale DC, the results show that physical disaggregation at rack-scale is sufficient for optimal efficiency when the optical network topology is adopted, and resource components are allocated in a suitable manner. The optical network topology also enables optimal energy efficiency in composable DCs. The paper also studies logical disaggregation of traditional DC servers over an optical network topology. Relative to physical disaggregation at rack-scale, logical disaggregation of server resources within each rack enables marginal fall in the total DC power consumption (TDPC) due to improved resource demands placement. Hence, an adaptable composable infrastructure that can support both in memory (access) latency sensitive and insensitive workloads is enabled. We also conduct a study of the adoption of micro-service architecture in both traditional and composable DCs. Our results show that increasing the modularity of workloads improves the energy efficiency in traditional DCs, but disproportionate utilization of DC resources persists. A combination of disaggregation and micro-services achieved up to 23% reduction in the TDPC of the traditional DC by enabling optimal resources utilization and energy efficiencies. Finally, we propose a heuristic for energy efficient placement of workloads in composable DCs which replicates the trends produced by the MILP model formulated in this paper.
AB - This paper studies the energy efficiency of composable data center (DC) infrastructures over network topologies. Using a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model, we compare the performance of disaggregation at rack-scale and pod-scale over selected electrical, optical and hybrid network topologies relative to a traditional DC. Relative to a pod-scale DC, the results show that physical disaggregation at rack-scale is sufficient for optimal efficiency when the optical network topology is adopted, and resource components are allocated in a suitable manner. The optical network topology also enables optimal energy efficiency in composable DCs. The paper also studies logical disaggregation of traditional DC servers over an optical network topology. Relative to physical disaggregation at rack-scale, logical disaggregation of server resources within each rack enables marginal fall in the total DC power consumption (TDPC) due to improved resource demands placement. Hence, an adaptable composable infrastructure that can support both in memory (access) latency sensitive and insensitive workloads is enabled. We also conduct a study of the adoption of micro-service architecture in both traditional and composable DCs. Our results show that increasing the modularity of workloads improves the energy efficiency in traditional DCs, but disproportionate utilization of DC resources persists. A combination of disaggregation and micro-services achieved up to 23% reduction in the TDPC of the traditional DC by enabling optimal resources utilization and energy efficiencies. Finally, we propose a heuristic for energy efficient placement of workloads in composable DCs which replicates the trends produced by the MILP model formulated in this paper.
KW - Composable infrastructures
KW - Energy efficient data centers
KW - Micro-services
KW - Milp
KW - Optical networks
KW - Rack-scale data center
KW - Software defined infrastructures
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85102297167&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/JLT.2021.3063325
DO - 10.1109/JLT.2021.3063325
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85102297167
SN - 0733-8724
VL - 39
SP - 3037
EP - 3063
JO - Journal of Lightwave Technology
JF - Journal of Lightwave Technology
IS - 10
M1 - 9369047
ER -