Ethics in Diagnostic Radiography in South Africa: A Complex Temporary Encounter Mediated Through Text and Technology

Diagnostic radiography or medical imaging is a discipline where a broad range of high-technology equipment is used for medical diagnosis in order to guide patient management. The role of the radiographer requires the integration of knowledge, complex technology and advanced technical skills within an environment where effective and caring interaction is needed with patients. The patient engagement tends to be a relatively short, singular event and can be considered as a complex temporary encounter. There is also the need to interact with other healthcare practitioners to facilitate the provision of quality health care and service through a multi-disciplinary team approach. The rapid evolution in medical imaging requires the radiographer to continuously adjust to new emerging technologies and techniques that make continuous professional education essential. Ethical practice in radiography therefore involves a complex interlinking of good clinical decision making, safe and accurate practice, a commitment to empathetic patient relationships, the ability to function effectively within the multi-disciplinary team and honouring of the principles of lifelong learning. A unique aspect of ethical practice in radiography is radiation protection that is underpinned by respect for the principles of justification and optimisation. Radiographers must therefore pay attention to image quality while considering radiation safety for each patient but must also be aware of ionising radiation as a public health issue.