Fingerprints for main varieties of argentinean wines: Terroir differentiation by inorganic, organic, and stable isotopic analyses coupled to chemometrics

Romina D. Di Paola-Naranjo, María V. Baroni, Natalia S. Podio, Héctor R. Rubinstein, María P. Fabani, Raúl G. Badini, Marcela Inga, Héctor A. Ostera, Mariana Cagnoni, Ernesto Gallegos, Eduardo Gautier, Pilar Peral-García, Jurian Hoogewerff, Daniel A. Wunderlin

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

143 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Our main goal was to investigate if robust chemical fingerprints could be developed for three Argentinean red wines based on organic, inorganic, and isotopic patterns, in relation to the regional soil composition. Soils and wines from three regions (Mendoza, San Juan, and Córdoba) and three varieties (Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec, and Syrah) were collected. The phenolic profile was determined by HPLC-MS/MS and multielemental composition by ICP-MS; 87Sr/ 86Sr and δ 13C were determined by TIMS and IRMS, respectively. Chemometrics allowed robust differentiation between regions, wine varieties, and the same variety from different regions. Among phenolic compounds, resveratrol concentration was the most useful marker for wine differentiation, whereas Mg, K/Rb, Ca/Sr, and 87Sr/ 86Sr were the main inorganic and isotopic parameters selected. Generalized Procrustes analysis (GPA) using two studied matrices (wine and soil) shows consensus between them and clear differences between studied areas. Finally, we applied a canonical correlation analysis, demonstrating significant correlation (r = 0.99; p < 0.001) between soil and wine composition. To our knowledge this is the first report combining independent variables, constructing a fingerprint including elemental composition, isotopic, and polyphenol patterns to differentiate wines, matching part of this fingerprint with the soil provenance.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)7854-7865
Number of pages12
JournalJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Volume59
Issue number14
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 27 Jul 2011
Externally publishedYes

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