It takes two to tango: a couples-based lifestyle approach to reducing multigenerational risk of metabolic syndrome

Background and Objective: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Although MetS risk is transferred via the epigenome from both biological parents, periconceptional lifestyle interventions are generally directed towards mothers. This study Aims to assess the feasibility of targeting both members of a couple in a periconceptional nutrition quality and physical activity intervention. Methods: A non-randomised, non-blinded, single-arm couples-based nutrition quality and physical activity intervention was commenced in October 2022. Over a ten-week period, couples (n=10) will meet the study facilitator, via an online platform, for five healthy lifestyle sessions. Nutrition assessment will be undertaken using a combination of diet diaries, and 24-hour diet recalls. Physical activity will be measured with a Physical Activity Diary and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Individualised feedback will be given at each session. The primary outcome measure is changes in the quality of nutrition and physical activity levels and adherence to the study. Data will be analysed using a combination of qualitative and quantitative techniques. Results: This pilot is currently underway. Preliminary results indicate that targeting both members of a couple simultaneously improves adherence to the program and encourages members of a couple to work together to potentially enhance postintervention adherence to healthy habits. Conclusions: To date, the results supporting targeting both members of a couple are at least as effective as targeting one member. Following the socio-ecological model of health, targeting both members of a couple would increase the postintervention adherence to the newly learned healthy habits. Therefore, by targeting pre-conception couples, we have the potential to reduce the multigenerational risk of metabolic syndrome and in return the overall global burden of disease.