TY - JOUR
T1 - Lipolysis and Fat Oxidation Are Not Altered with Presleep Compared with Daytime Casein Protein Intake in Resistance-Trained Women
AU - Allman, Brittany R.
AU - Morrissey, Margaret C.
AU - Kim, Jeong Su
AU - Panton, Lynn B.
AU - Contreras, Robert J.
AU - Hickner, Robert C.
AU - Ormsbee, Michael J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Supported by the Florida State University College of Human Sciences and the Florida State University Graduate School to (to BRA); Fatgiue Science; Dymatize Nutrition Sport Performance Institute and FrieslandCampina (to MJO). Author disclosures: BRA, MCM, J-SK, LBP, RJC, and RCH, no conflicts of interest. MJO serves on the scientific advisory board for Dymatize Nutrition and the International Protein Board. Supplemental Table 1 is available from the “Supplementary data” link in the online posting of the article and from the same link in the online table of contents at https://academic.oup.com/jn. Present address for BRA: Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA, and Section of Developmental Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA. Address correspondence to MJO (e-mail: [email protected]). Abbreviations used: EtOH, ethanol; FFM, fat-free mass; GLY, glycerol; NEFA, nonesterified fatty acid; PLA, placebo; PLA-PRO, daytime placebo and presleep protein; PRO, protein; PRO-PLA, daytime protein and presleep placebo; RE, resistance exercise; REE, resting energy expenditure; RER, respiratory exchange ratio; SCAAT, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue; TEE, thermic effectofexercise;VAS,visualanalogscale;V˙CO2,carbondioxideexhaled;V˙O2, oxygen consumption; 1RM, 1 repetition maximum.
Funding Information:
We thank Ashley Ferrand, Kailee Hernandez, Haley Mitchell, Alex Shippy, Shannon Wakeford, Alexa Rodriguez, Jessica McKelvey, Hannah Saylor, and Brett Hanna for their assistance with participant recruitment and data collection.We also thank Sunny Ilyas and CJ Ortiz from Vale Foods Inc. The authors' responsibilities were as follows'BRA and MJO: conceived the research idea, analyzed the data, and wrote the paper; BRA, MJO, RCH, J-SK, LBP, and RJC: contributed to the final study design; BRA, MCM, and MJO: performed the experiments and contributed to data collection; and all authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© American Society for Nutrition 2019.
PY - 2020/1/1
Y1 - 2020/1/1
N2 - Background: To date, no studies have directly compared the differences between presleep and daytime protein (PRO) consumption on localized and systemic fat metabolism in active women. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of presleep compared with daytime PRO supplementation on subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SCAAT) lipolysis and whole-body substrate utilization in women. Methods: Thirteen young (mean ± SE age: 22 ± 1 y; BMI: 24.3 ± 0.8 kg/m2), resistance-trained [1 repetition maximum (1RM) squat percentage of body weight: 135% ± 6%; 1RM bench press percentage of body weight: 82% ± 4%] women volunteered. On overnight experimental visits, participants performed full-body resistance exercise (RE; 65% 1RM) and were randomly assigned to consume either daytime PRO (PRO, 30 g casein) 30 min post-RE and presleep (30 min before bed) noncaloric, sensory-matched placebo (PLA, 0 g casein) (PRO-PLA), or the opposite (PLA-PRO), switching the order of the supplements on the following visit. SCAAT lipolysis, resting metabolism (indirect calorimetry), and plasma biomarkers (glucose, insulin, nonesterified fatty acids, glycerol) were measured at baseline, overnight, and the next morning. Results: There were no differences in overnight SCAAT lipolysis between conditions indicated by interstitial glycerol concentrations (PRO-PLA: baseline, 669 ± 137; next morning, 321 ± 77.1; PLA-PRO: baseline, 524 ± 109; next morning, 333 ± 68.0 μM), fat oxidation (PRO-PLA: baseline, 5.70 ± 0.35; next morning, 5.00 ± 0.28; PLA-PRO: baseline, 6.59 ± 0.32; next morning, 5.44 ± 0.27 g/min), or any other measure. Conclusions: There was no difference between the effects of daytime and presleep PRO supplementation on SCAAT lipolysis or whole-body substrate utilization in resistance-trained women. Presleep PRO is a viable option for increasing PRO consumption in resistance-trained women because it does not blunt overnight lipolysis, and will therefore likely not lead to increases in subcutaneous abdominal fat. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03573687.
AB - Background: To date, no studies have directly compared the differences between presleep and daytime protein (PRO) consumption on localized and systemic fat metabolism in active women. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of presleep compared with daytime PRO supplementation on subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SCAAT) lipolysis and whole-body substrate utilization in women. Methods: Thirteen young (mean ± SE age: 22 ± 1 y; BMI: 24.3 ± 0.8 kg/m2), resistance-trained [1 repetition maximum (1RM) squat percentage of body weight: 135% ± 6%; 1RM bench press percentage of body weight: 82% ± 4%] women volunteered. On overnight experimental visits, participants performed full-body resistance exercise (RE; 65% 1RM) and were randomly assigned to consume either daytime PRO (PRO, 30 g casein) 30 min post-RE and presleep (30 min before bed) noncaloric, sensory-matched placebo (PLA, 0 g casein) (PRO-PLA), or the opposite (PLA-PRO), switching the order of the supplements on the following visit. SCAAT lipolysis, resting metabolism (indirect calorimetry), and plasma biomarkers (glucose, insulin, nonesterified fatty acids, glycerol) were measured at baseline, overnight, and the next morning. Results: There were no differences in overnight SCAAT lipolysis between conditions indicated by interstitial glycerol concentrations (PRO-PLA: baseline, 669 ± 137; next morning, 321 ± 77.1; PLA-PRO: baseline, 524 ± 109; next morning, 333 ± 68.0 μM), fat oxidation (PRO-PLA: baseline, 5.70 ± 0.35; next morning, 5.00 ± 0.28; PLA-PRO: baseline, 6.59 ± 0.32; next morning, 5.44 ± 0.27 g/min), or any other measure. Conclusions: There was no difference between the effects of daytime and presleep PRO supplementation on SCAAT lipolysis or whole-body substrate utilization in resistance-trained women. Presleep PRO is a viable option for increasing PRO consumption in resistance-trained women because it does not blunt overnight lipolysis, and will therefore likely not lead to increases in subcutaneous abdominal fat. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03573687.
KW - fat oxidation
KW - lipolysis
KW - presleep eating
KW - protein timing
KW - women
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85077665229&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/jn/nxz186
DO - 10.1093/jn/nxz186
M3 - Article
C2 - 31504693
AN - SCOPUS:85077665229
SN - 0022-3166
VL - 150
SP - 47
EP - 54
JO - Journal of Nutrition
JF - Journal of Nutrition
IS - 1
ER -