TY - JOUR
T1 - No association between vitamin D deficiency and markers of bone health in athletes
AU - Allison, Richard J.
AU - Farooq, Abdulaziz
AU - Hamilton, Bruce
AU - Close, Graeme L
AU - Wilson, Mathew G.
PY - 2015/4/25
Y1 - 2015/4/25
N2 - Purpose: Adequate vitamin D (25(OH)D) is required to maintain good bone health, yet many athletes are 25(OH)D deficient. This study sought to examine the relation between serum 25(OH)D and measures of bone health (bone mineral density (BMD) and T-score) in an ethnically diverse athletic population. Methods: Nine hundred and fifty male athletes presented for precompetition medical assessment in our facility. An additional 436 individuals registered with a Qatari sporting federation (such as sailing, archery, shooting, bowling) but exercising <2 h wk-1 were used as control population. There were 30 Asian, 242 Black African, 235 Caucasian, 491 from Gulf Cooperation Countries, 336Middle Eastern, and 52 Persian participants. All individuals undertook bone densitometry and body composition analysis by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and serum 25(OH)D evaluation. Results: From 950 athletes, 17.5% demonstrated severe deficiency, 39.2% demonstrated deficiency, 24.5% demonstrated insufficiency, and 18.8% demonstrated sufficiency, compared with 436 controls, 25.9% of whom demonstrated severe deficiency, 46.3% demonstrated deficiency, 19.0% demonstrated insufficiency, and 8.7% demonstrated sufficiency. No athlete presented with a T-score suggestive of osteoporosis (-2.5 SD) or osteopenia (-1.0 SD) at hip total. After adjustment for age, anthropometry, ethnicity, and athletic participation, there was no association between 25(OH)D and any BMD and T-score at any site within athletes. African and Caucasian athletes present with greater (P < 0.05) BMD and T-scores at the spine, neck, and hip total than those of Asian, Gulf Cooperation Countries, Middle Eastern, and Persian ethnicities. Athletes participating in high-impact sports present with higher measures (P < 0.05) of bone health than control participants regardless of 25(OH)D status. Conclusions: There is no association between 25(OH)D and BMD and T-score for any site within male athletes after adjusting for age, ethnicity, and sporting participation.
AB - Purpose: Adequate vitamin D (25(OH)D) is required to maintain good bone health, yet many athletes are 25(OH)D deficient. This study sought to examine the relation between serum 25(OH)D and measures of bone health (bone mineral density (BMD) and T-score) in an ethnically diverse athletic population. Methods: Nine hundred and fifty male athletes presented for precompetition medical assessment in our facility. An additional 436 individuals registered with a Qatari sporting federation (such as sailing, archery, shooting, bowling) but exercising <2 h wk-1 were used as control population. There were 30 Asian, 242 Black African, 235 Caucasian, 491 from Gulf Cooperation Countries, 336Middle Eastern, and 52 Persian participants. All individuals undertook bone densitometry and body composition analysis by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and serum 25(OH)D evaluation. Results: From 950 athletes, 17.5% demonstrated severe deficiency, 39.2% demonstrated deficiency, 24.5% demonstrated insufficiency, and 18.8% demonstrated sufficiency, compared with 436 controls, 25.9% of whom demonstrated severe deficiency, 46.3% demonstrated deficiency, 19.0% demonstrated insufficiency, and 8.7% demonstrated sufficiency. No athlete presented with a T-score suggestive of osteoporosis (-2.5 SD) or osteopenia (-1.0 SD) at hip total. After adjustment for age, anthropometry, ethnicity, and athletic participation, there was no association between 25(OH)D and any BMD and T-score at any site within athletes. African and Caucasian athletes present with greater (P < 0.05) BMD and T-scores at the spine, neck, and hip total than those of Asian, Gulf Cooperation Countries, Middle Eastern, and Persian ethnicities. Athletes participating in high-impact sports present with higher measures (P < 0.05) of bone health than control participants regardless of 25(OH)D status. Conclusions: There is no association between 25(OH)D and BMD and T-score for any site within male athletes after adjusting for age, ethnicity, and sporting participation.
KW - athlete health
KW - bone mineral density
KW - T-score
KW - Vitamin D insufficiencies
KW - Calcifediol/blood
KW - Life Style
KW - Bone Density
KW - Sports/physiology
KW - Anthropometry
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Absorptiometry, Photon
KW - Young Adult
KW - Vitamin D Deficiency/ethnology
KW - Sunlight
KW - Adult
KW - Biomarkers/blood
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84925604828&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000457
DO - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000457
M3 - Article
C2 - 25058327
AN - SCOPUS:84925604828
SN - 0195-9131
VL - 47
SP - 782
EP - 788
JO - Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
JF - Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
IS - 4
ER -