@article{bd9bc4158bbf40f7834af0e1aef0896f,
title = "Performance evaluation of a multiscale modelling system applied to particulate matter dispersion in a real traffic hot spot in Madrid (Spain)",
abstract = "Urban air pollution is one of the most important environmental problems nowadays. Understanding urban pollution is rather challenging due to different factors that produce a strongly heterogeneous pollutant distribution within streets. Observed concentrations depend on processes occurring at a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, complex wind flow and turbulence patterns induced by urban obstacles and irregular traffic emissions. The main objective of this paper is to model particulate matter dispersion at microscale while considering the effects of mesoscale processes. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) PM10 simulations were performed taking into account high spatial resolution traffic emissions from a microscale traffic model and inlet vertical profiles of meteorological variables from Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. This modelling system is evaluated by using meteorological and PM10 concentration data from intensive experimental campaigns carried out on 25th February and 6th July, 2015 in a real urban traffic hot-spot in Madrid. The effect of uncertainties in the inlet profiles from mesoscale input data on microscale results is assessed. Additionally, the importance of the sensible surface heat fluxes (SHF) provided by WRF and the selection of an appropriate turbulent Schmidt number in the dispersion equation are investigated. The main conclusion is that the modelling system accurately reproduces PM10 dispersion imposing appropriate inputs (meteorological variables and SHF) and a suitable turbulent Schmidt number. Better agreement is found for simulation with a low turbulent Schmidt number. This approach improves the standard microscale modelling alone because more realistic boundary conditions and mesoscale processes are considered.",
keywords = "Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modelling, Microscale traffic emissions, Multiscale modelling, PM, Turbulent schmidt number, Weather research and forecasting (WRF) model",
author = "Santiago, {J. L.} and B. Sanchez and C. Quaassdorff and {de la Paz}, D. and A. Martilli and F. Mart{\'i}n and R. Borge and E. Rivas and G{\'o}mez-Moreno, {F. J.} and E. D{\'i}az and B. Arti{\~n}ano and C. Yag{\"u}e and S. Vardoulakis",
note = "Funding Information: This study has been supported by the TECNAIRE-CM research project ( S2013/MAE-2972 ) and AIRTEC-CM ( S2018/EMT-4329 ) funded by The Regional Government of Madrid (Spain) . JLS, AM, ER and FM also thank to the support of the RETOS-AIRE ( RTI2018-099138-B-I00 ) project and EXCLUR ( CGL2016-80154-R ) project funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities . Thanks to Madrid City Council for collaborating in the development of the project. The authors are also grateful to Extremadura Research Center for Advanced Technologies ( CETA-CIEMAT ) by helping in using its computing facilities for the simulations. CETA-CIEMAT belongs to CIEMAT and the Government of Spain and is funded by the European Regional Development Fund . Funding Information: This study has been supported by the TECNAIRE-CM research project (S2013/MAE-2972) and AIRTEC-CM (S2018/EMT-4329) funded by The Regional Government of Madrid (Spain). JLS, AM, ER and FM also thank to the support of the RETOS-AIRE (RTI2018-099138-B-I00) project and EXCLUR (CGL2016-80154-R) project funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities. Thanks to Madrid City Council for collaborating in the development of the project. The authors are also grateful to Extremadura Research Center for Advanced Technologies (CETA-CIEMAT) by helping in using its computing facilities for the simulations. CETA-CIEMAT belongs to CIEMAT and the Government of Spain and is funded by the European Regional Development Fund. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Turkish National Committee for Air Pollution Research and Control",
year = "2020",
month = jan,
doi = "10.1016/j.apr.2019.10.001",
language = "English",
volume = "11",
pages = "141--155",
journal = "Atmospheric Pollution Research",
issn = "1309-1042",
publisher = "Turkish National Committee for Air Pollution Research (TUNCAP)",
number = "1",
}