TY - JOUR
T1 - Prostitution as morality politics or why it is exceedingly difficult to design and sustain effective prostitution policy
AU - Wagenaar, Hendrik
AU - Altink, Sietske
N1 - Funding Information:
The research on which this article is based is funded by the Nicis Institute, the cities of Rotterdam, Utrecht, The Hague and Vienna, the University of Leiden and the University of Sheffield. The views and conclusions that are put forward in this article do not necessarily represent those of the funding agencies.
PY - 2012/9
Y1 - 2012/9
N2 - This paper argues that prostitution policy is less developed than more established policy domains such as health, education, social welfare, or the environment. While all policy is about the struggle over values and categories, conceptually prostitution policy can best be understood as an instance of morality politics. Without hypostatizing morality politics, we define it as having six characteristics: it is ruled by an explicit ideology; experts have limited authority as everyone feels they "own" prostitution policy; it is highly emotionally charged; it is resistant to facts; the symbolism of policy formulation is seen as more important than policy implementation; and it is subject to abrupt changes. We then analyze three implications of the adversarial nature of prostitution policy. First, we discuss the cavalier attitude of relevant actors towards precise and reliable numbers. Second, by focusing on "forced prostitution" and "trafficking", we discuss the ideological and obfuscating nature of key concepts in prostitution policy. We suggest instead using the concept of "exploitation". Finally, we focus on policy implementation. We argue that the common concept of policy regime has limited value and that to understand the development of prostitution policy, its outcomes, and its impact on society, attention to the mundane details of policy implementation is required. The paper suggests some conditions to prevent prostitution policy to enter the realm of morality politics and to attain an effective and humane form of policy making.
AB - This paper argues that prostitution policy is less developed than more established policy domains such as health, education, social welfare, or the environment. While all policy is about the struggle over values and categories, conceptually prostitution policy can best be understood as an instance of morality politics. Without hypostatizing morality politics, we define it as having six characteristics: it is ruled by an explicit ideology; experts have limited authority as everyone feels they "own" prostitution policy; it is highly emotionally charged; it is resistant to facts; the symbolism of policy formulation is seen as more important than policy implementation; and it is subject to abrupt changes. We then analyze three implications of the adversarial nature of prostitution policy. First, we discuss the cavalier attitude of relevant actors towards precise and reliable numbers. Second, by focusing on "forced prostitution" and "trafficking", we discuss the ideological and obfuscating nature of key concepts in prostitution policy. We suggest instead using the concept of "exploitation". Finally, we focus on policy implementation. We argue that the common concept of policy regime has limited value and that to understand the development of prostitution policy, its outcomes, and its impact on society, attention to the mundane details of policy implementation is required. The paper suggests some conditions to prevent prostitution policy to enter the realm of morality politics and to attain an effective and humane form of policy making.
KW - Exploitation
KW - Morality politics
KW - Policy implementation
KW - Policy instruments
KW - Prostitution
KW - Sex worker
KW - Trafficking
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84870946124&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s13178-012-0095-0
DO - 10.1007/s13178-012-0095-0
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84870946124
SN - 1868-9884
VL - 9
SP - 279
EP - 292
JO - Sexuality Research and Social Policy
JF - Sexuality Research and Social Policy
IS - 3
ER -