TY - JOUR
T1 - Relationship between life-time exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and carotid artery intima-media thickness in Australian children aged 11-12 years
AU - Guo, Yue Leon
AU - Ampon, Rosario D.
AU - Hanigan, Ivan C.
AU - Knibbs, Luke D.
AU - Geromboux, Christy
AU - Su, Ta-Chen
AU - Negishi, Kazuaki
AU - Poulos, Leanne
AU - Morgan, Geoffrey G.
AU - Marks, Guy B.
AU - Jalaludin, Bin
N1 - Funding Information:
This paper uses unit record data from Growing Up in Australia, the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). The study is conducted in partnership between the Department of Social Services (DSS), the Australian Institute of Family Studies (AIFS) and the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). The authors thank the participants of the LSAC and CheckPoint study, the LSAC staff and students for their contributions. Professor Yue Leon Guo is a visiting academic in University of Sydney supported partly by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan (grant number MOST 110-2918-I-002-007 ) and partly by National Health Research Institutes , Taiwan (grant number SERV-EM). This research is undertaken with the assistance of data resources from the Centre for Air pollution, energy and health Research (CAR) data platform ( https://cardat.github.io ) and derived from air pollution monitors from NSW DPIE, Vic EPA, Qld DES, SA EPA, WA DEWR, Tas EPA, NT EPA, and ACT Health.
Funding Information:
The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Dr. Negishi is supported by a Fellowship (Award Reference No. 101868 ) from the National Heart Foundation of Australia , which had no role in the preparation of this manuscript.
Funding Information:
The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Dr. Negishi is supported by a Fellowship (Award Reference No.101868) from the National Heart Foundation of Australia, which had no role in the preparation of this manuscript.This paper uses unit record data from Growing Up in Australia, the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). The study is conducted in partnership between the Department of Social Services (DSS), the Australian Institute of Family Studies (AIFS) and the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). The authors thank the participants of the LSAC and CheckPoint study, the LSAC staff and students for their contributions. Professor Yue Leon Guo is a visiting academic in University of Sydney supported partly by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan (grant number MOST 110-2918-I-002-007) and partly by National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan (grant number SERV-EM). This research is undertaken with the assistance of data resources from the Centre for Air pollution, energy and health Research (CAR) data platform (https://cardat.github.io) and derived from air pollution monitors from NSW DPIE, Vic EPA, Qld DES, SA EPA, WA DEWR, Tas EPA, NT EPA, and ACT Health.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
PY - 2021/12/15
Y1 - 2021/12/15
N2 - Long-term exposure to air pollutants, especially particulates, in adulthood is related to cardiovascular diseases and vascular markers of atherosclerosis. However, whether vascular changes in children is related to exposure to air pollutants remains unknown. This study examined whether childhood exposure to air pollutants was related to a marker of cardiovascular risk, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in children aged 11-12 years old. Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) recruited parents and their children born in 2003-4. Among the participants, CheckPoint examination was conducted when the children were 11-12 years old. Ultrasound of the right carotid artery was performed using standardized protocols. Average and maximum far-wall CIMT, carotid artery distensibility, and elasticity were quantified using semiautomated software. Annual and life-time exposure to air pollutants was estimated using satellite-based land-use regression by residential postcodes. A total of 1063 children (50.4% girls) with CIMT data, serum cholesterol, and modeled estimates of NO2 and PM2.5 exposure for the period 2003 to 2015 were included. The average and maximum CIMT, carotid distensibility, and elasticity were 497 μm (standard deviation, SD 58), 580 μm (SD 44), 17.4% (SD 3.2), and 0.48%/mmHg (SD 0.09), respectively. The life-time average concentrations of PM2.5 and NO2 were 6.4 μg/m3 (SD 1.4) and 6.4 ppb (SD 2.4), respectively. Both average and maximum CIMT were significantly associated with average ambient PM2.5 concentration (average CIMT: +5.5 μm per μg/m3, 95% confidence interval, CI 2.4 to 8.5, and maximum CIMT: +4.9 μm per μg/m3, CI 2.3 to 7.6), estimated using linear regression, adjusting for potential confounders. CIMT was not significantly related to NO2 exposure. Carotid artery diameter, distensibility, and elasticity were not significantly associated with air pollutants. We conclude that life-time exposure to low levels of PM2.5 in children might have measurable adverse impacts on vascular structure by age 11-12 years.
AB - Long-term exposure to air pollutants, especially particulates, in adulthood is related to cardiovascular diseases and vascular markers of atherosclerosis. However, whether vascular changes in children is related to exposure to air pollutants remains unknown. This study examined whether childhood exposure to air pollutants was related to a marker of cardiovascular risk, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in children aged 11-12 years old. Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) recruited parents and their children born in 2003-4. Among the participants, CheckPoint examination was conducted when the children were 11-12 years old. Ultrasound of the right carotid artery was performed using standardized protocols. Average and maximum far-wall CIMT, carotid artery distensibility, and elasticity were quantified using semiautomated software. Annual and life-time exposure to air pollutants was estimated using satellite-based land-use regression by residential postcodes. A total of 1063 children (50.4% girls) with CIMT data, serum cholesterol, and modeled estimates of NO2 and PM2.5 exposure for the period 2003 to 2015 were included. The average and maximum CIMT, carotid distensibility, and elasticity were 497 μm (standard deviation, SD 58), 580 μm (SD 44), 17.4% (SD 3.2), and 0.48%/mmHg (SD 0.09), respectively. The life-time average concentrations of PM2.5 and NO2 were 6.4 μg/m3 (SD 1.4) and 6.4 ppb (SD 2.4), respectively. Both average and maximum CIMT were significantly associated with average ambient PM2.5 concentration (average CIMT: +5.5 μm per μg/m3, 95% confidence interval, CI 2.4 to 8.5, and maximum CIMT: +4.9 μm per μg/m3, CI 2.3 to 7.6), estimated using linear regression, adjusting for potential confounders. CIMT was not significantly related to NO2 exposure. Carotid artery diameter, distensibility, and elasticity were not significantly associated with air pollutants. We conclude that life-time exposure to low levels of PM2.5 in children might have measurable adverse impacts on vascular structure by age 11-12 years.
KW - Air pollution
KW - Particulates
KW - Carotid intima-media thickness
KW - Atherosclerosis
KW - Child
KW - Cardiovascular
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85115947239&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118072
DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118072
M3 - Article
SN - 0269-7491
VL - 291
SP - 1
EP - 9
JO - Environmental Pollution
JF - Environmental Pollution
M1 - 118072
ER -
