TY - JOUR
T1 - Simulating rewetting events in intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams
T2 - A global analysis of leached nutrients and organic matter
AU - Shumilova, Oleksandra
AU - Zak, Dominik
AU - Datry, Thibault
AU - von Schiller, Daniel
AU - Corti, Roland
AU - Foulquier, Arnaud
AU - Obrador, Biel
AU - Tockner, Klement
AU - Allan, Daniel C.
AU - Altermatt, Florian
AU - Arce, María Isabel
AU - Arnon, Shai
AU - Banas, Damien
AU - Banegas-Medina, Andy
AU - Beller, Erin
AU - Blanchette, Melanie L.
AU - Blanco-Libreros, Juan F.
AU - Blessing, Joanna
AU - Boëchat, Iola Gonçalves
AU - Boersma, Kate
AU - Bogan, Michael T.
AU - Bonada, Núria
AU - Bond, Nick R.
AU - Brintrup, Kate
AU - Bruder, Andreas
AU - Burrows, Ryan
AU - Cancellario, Tommaso
AU - Carlson, Stephanie M.
AU - Cauvy-Fraunié, Sophie
AU - Cid, Núria
AU - Danger, Michael
AU - de Freitas Terra, Bianca
AU - Girolamo, Anna Maria De
AU - del Campo, Ruben
AU - Dyer, Fiona
AU - Elosegi, Arturo
AU - Faye, Emile
AU - Febria, Catherine
AU - Figueroa, Ricardo
AU - Four, Brian
AU - Gessner, Mark O.
AU - Gnohossou, Pierre
AU - Cerezo, Rosa Gómez
AU - Gomez-Gener, Lluís
AU - Graça, Manuel A.S.
AU - Guareschi, Simone
AU - Gücker, Björn
AU - Hwan, Jason L.
AU - Kubheka, Skhumbuzo
AU - Langhans, Simone Daniela
AU - Leigh, Catherine
AU - Little, Chelsea J.
AU - Lorenz, Stefan
AU - Marshall, Jonathan
AU - McIntosh, Angus
AU - Mendoza-Lera, Clara
AU - Meyer, Elisabeth Irmgard
AU - Miliša, Marko
AU - Mlambo, Musa C.
AU - Moleón, Marcos
AU - Negus, Peter
AU - Niyogi, Dev
AU - Papatheodoulou, Athina
AU - Pardo, Isabel
AU - Paril, Petr
AU - Pešić, Vladimir
AU - Rodriguez-Lozano, Pablo
AU - Rolls, Robert J.
AU - Sanchez-Montoya, Maria Mar
AU - Savić, Ana
AU - Steward, Alisha
AU - Stubbington, Rachel
AU - Taleb, Amina
AU - Vorste, Ross Vander
AU - Waltham, Nathan
AU - Zoppini, Annamaria
AU - Zarfl, Christiane
N1 - Funding Information:
European Cooperation in Science and Technology, COST Action CA15113 “SMIRES” (Science and Management of Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams); European Union, Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate Programme “SMART” (Science for Management of Rivers and their Tidal Systems); European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, Marie Sklodowska‐Curie grant agreement No 748625; Swiss National Science Foundation Grants, grant No PP00P3_179089 and PP00P3_150698; URPP Global Change and Biodiversity, University of Zurich; University of the Basque Country; CONICYT; FONDAP; University of Barcelona; IGB equal opportunity fund for young female scientists; DFG (SU 405/10‐1)
Funding Information:
This work was carried out within the SMART Joint Doctorate Programme “Science for the MAnagement of Rivers and their Tidal systems” funded by the Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate Programme of the European Union (http://www.riverscience.it). O.S. was also supported by a grant for a short‐term scientific mission to the University of the Basque Country, Spain, within the COST Action CA15113 (SMIRES, Science and Management of Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams, www.smires.eu). O.S. is thankful for a partial support from IGB equal opportunity fund for young female scientists and DFG (SU 405/10‐1). F.A. was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation grants no PP00P3_179089 and PP00P3_150698 and the URPP Global Change and Biodiversity, University of Zurich. S.D.L. has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska‐ Curie grant agreement no. 748625. R.F. acknowledges support of the CONICYT/FONDAP/15130015 Chile. The experiments and the chemical analyses of leachates were conducted at the Leibniz‐ Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) in Berlin, Germany. Organic C and total N content of substrates were deter‐ mined at the Laboratory of Alpine Ecology (LECA), Grenoble, France (leaves and biofilm), and the Catalan Institute for Water Research in Girona, Spain (sediments). Analyses of sediment texture were done at the University of Barcelona, Spain. We are thankful to Thomas Rossoll, Claudia Schmalsch, Sarah Krocker, Elisabeth SchD?ttean, d Jan Oestmann at IGB's Department of Chemical Analytics and Biogeochemistry for support with laboratory analyses; to Gabriel Singer for statistical advice; to Jeremy Fonvielle for support with the absorbance‐fluorescence analysis; and to Thomas Mehner and par‐ ticipants of IGB's Scientific Writing course for valuable comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. We are thankful to Christopher Robinson, Eduardo Martin, Sarig Gafny, Marek PoláD?eMk,ichal Straka for collecting part of the samples used in the study.
Funding Information:
This work was carried out within the SMART Joint Doctorate Programme ?Science for the MAnagement of Rivers and their Tidal systems? funded by the Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate Programme of the European Union (http://www.riverscience.it). O.S. was also supported by a grant for a short-term scientific mission to the University of the Basque Country, Spain, within the COST Action CA15113 (SMIRES, Science and Management of Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams, www.smires.eu). O.S. is thankful for a partial support from IGB equal opportunity fund for young female scientists and DFG (SU 405/10-1). F.A. was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation grants no PP00P3_179089 and PP00P3_150698 and the URPP Global Change and Biodiversity, University of Zurich. S.D.L. has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 748625. R.F. acknowledges support of the CONICYT/FONDAP/15130015 Chile. The experiments and the chemical analyses of leachates were conducted at the Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) in Berlin, Germany. Organic C and total N content of substrates were determined at the Laboratory of Alpine Ecology (LECA), Grenoble, France (leaves and biofilm), and the Catalan Institute for Water Research in Girona, Spain (sediments). Analyses of sediment texture were done at the University of Barcelona, Spain. We are thankful to Thomas Rossoll, Claudia Schmalsch, Sarah Krocker, Elisabeth Sch?tte, and Jan Oestmann at IGB's Department of Chemical Analytics and Biogeochemistry for support with laboratory analyses; to Gabriel Singer for statistical advice; to Jeremy Fonvielle for support with the absorbance-fluorescence analysis; and to Thomas Mehner and participants of IGB's Scientific Writing course for valuable comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. We are thankful to Christopher Robinson, Eduardo Martin, Sarig Gafny, Marek Pol??ek, Michal Straka for collecting part of the samples used in the study.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The Authors. Global Change Biology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
PY - 2019/5
Y1 - 2019/5
N2 - Climate change and human pressures are changing the global distribution and the extent of intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES), which comprise half of the global river network area. IRES are characterized by periods of flow cessation, during which channel substrates accumulate and undergo physico-chemical changes (preconditioning), and periods of flow resumption, when these substrates are rewetted and release pulses of dissolved nutrients and organic matter (OM). However, there are no estimates of the amounts and quality of leached substances, nor is there information on the underlying environmental constraints operating at the global scale. We experimentally simulated, under standard laboratory conditions, rewetting of leaves, riverbed sediments, and epilithic biofilms collected during the dry phase across 205 IRES from five major climate zones. We determined the amounts and qualitative characteristics of the leached nutrients and OM, and estimated their areal fluxes from riverbeds. In addition, we evaluated the variance in leachate characteristics in relation to selected environmental variables and substrate characteristics. We found that sediments, due to their large quantities within riverbeds, contribute most to the overall flux of dissolved substances during rewetting events (56%–98%), and that flux rates distinctly differ among climate zones. Dissolved organic carbon, phenolics, and nitrate contributed most to the areal fluxes. The largest amounts of leached substances were found in the continental climate zone, coinciding with the lowest potential bioavailability of the leached OM. The opposite pattern was found in the arid zone. Environmental variables expected to be modified under climate change (i.e. potential evapotranspiration, aridity, dry period duration, land use) were correlated with the amount of leached substances, with the strongest relationship found for sediments. These results show that the role of IRES should be accounted for in global biogeochemical cycles, especially because prevalence of IRES will increase due to increasing severity of drying events.
AB - Climate change and human pressures are changing the global distribution and the extent of intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES), which comprise half of the global river network area. IRES are characterized by periods of flow cessation, during which channel substrates accumulate and undergo physico-chemical changes (preconditioning), and periods of flow resumption, when these substrates are rewetted and release pulses of dissolved nutrients and organic matter (OM). However, there are no estimates of the amounts and quality of leached substances, nor is there information on the underlying environmental constraints operating at the global scale. We experimentally simulated, under standard laboratory conditions, rewetting of leaves, riverbed sediments, and epilithic biofilms collected during the dry phase across 205 IRES from five major climate zones. We determined the amounts and qualitative characteristics of the leached nutrients and OM, and estimated their areal fluxes from riverbeds. In addition, we evaluated the variance in leachate characteristics in relation to selected environmental variables and substrate characteristics. We found that sediments, due to their large quantities within riverbeds, contribute most to the overall flux of dissolved substances during rewetting events (56%–98%), and that flux rates distinctly differ among climate zones. Dissolved organic carbon, phenolics, and nitrate contributed most to the areal fluxes. The largest amounts of leached substances were found in the continental climate zone, coinciding with the lowest potential bioavailability of the leached OM. The opposite pattern was found in the arid zone. Environmental variables expected to be modified under climate change (i.e. potential evapotranspiration, aridity, dry period duration, land use) were correlated with the amount of leached substances, with the strongest relationship found for sediments. These results show that the role of IRES should be accounted for in global biogeochemical cycles, especially because prevalence of IRES will increase due to increasing severity of drying events.
KW - biofilms
KW - leaching
KW - leaf litter
KW - rewetting
KW - sediments
KW - temporary rivers
KW - Rivers/chemistry
KW - Climate
KW - Biological Availability
KW - Biofilms/growth & development
KW - Nitrates/analysis
KW - Climate Change
KW - Organic Chemicals/analysis
KW - Plant Leaves/chemistry
KW - Geologic Sediments/chemistry
KW - Nutrients/analysis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85062345650&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.mendeley.com/research/simulating-rewetting-events-intermittent-rivers-ephemeral-streams-global-analysis-leached-nutrients-2
U2 - 10.1111/gcb.14537
DO - 10.1111/gcb.14537
M3 - Article
C2 - 30628191
AN - SCOPUS:85062345650
SN - 1365-2486
VL - 25
SP - 1591
EP - 1611
JO - Global Change Biology
JF - Global Change Biology
IS - 5
ER -
