Solar Microgrids to Combat Household Air Pollution in Rural India: A Case Study

This case study examines indoor air pollution in ten rural households in Pandeshwaram, South India, which rely on solid biomass fuels, such as firewood, for cooking. Indoor air quality measurements revealed high levels of air pollutants, significantly exceeding WHO standards and leading to respiratory issues, particularly affecting women and children. Interviews showed residents were unaware of the health risks as well as they lacked affordable, cleaner alternatives.

The study further explored the feasibility of implementing a solar microgrid in the village to power electric stoves and lighting, offering a potential solution to reduce household air pollution. The preliminary analyses support this shift and suggest that while initial investments are considerable, they offer long-term savings and health benefits. This study concludes that solar microgrids could be a viable, sustainable energy alternative, and such a pilot-study can contribute to broader efforts to address rural indoor air pollution and support sustainable energy transitions in similar communities across India.