@article{eed6115905b249ce953104a9223d9f85,
title = "Subjective cognitive functioning in relation to changes in levels of depression and anxiety in youth over 3 months of treatment",
abstract = "BackgroundSubjective cognitive difficulties are common in mental illness and have a negative impact on role functioning. Little is understood about subjective cognition and the longitudinal relationship with depression and anxiety symptoms in young people.AimsTo examine the relationship between changes in levels of depression and anxiety and changes in subjective cognitive functioning over 3 months in help-seeking youth.MethodThis was a cohort study of 656 youth aged 12-25 years attending Australian headspace primary mental health services. Subjective changes in cognitive functioning (rated as better, same, worse) reported after 3 months of treatment was assessed using the Neuropsychological Symptom Self-Report. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of baseline levels of and changes in depression (nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire; PHQ9) and anxiety symptoms (seven-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder scale; GAD7) on changes in subjective cognitive function at follow-up while controlling for covariates.ResultsWith a one-point reduction in PHQ9 at follow-up, there was an estimated 11-18% increase in ratings of better subjective cognitive functioning at follow-up, relative to stable cognitive functioning. A one-point increase in PHQ9 from baseline to follow-up was associated with 7-14% increase in ratings of worse subjective cognitive functioning over 3 months, relative to stable cognitive functioning. A similar attenuated pattern of findings was observed for the GAD7.ConclusionsA clear association exists between subjective cognitive functioning outcomes and changes in self-reported severity of affective symptoms in young people over the first 3 months of treatment. Understanding the timing and mechanisms of these associations is needed to tailor treatment. ",
keywords = "anxiety, depression, longitudinal, Subjective cognitive functioning, youth",
author = "Kelly Allott and Caroline Gao and Hetrick, {Sarah E.} and Filia, {Kate M.} and Menssink, {Jana M.} and Caroline Fisher and Hickie, {Ian B.} and Herrman, {Helen E.} and Rickwood, {Debra J.} and Parker, {Alexandra G.} and McGorry, {Patrick D.} and Cotton, {Sue M.}",
note = "Funding Information: The study was supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Partnership Grant (APP1076940). This was a joint project between Orygen, The University of Melbourne and headspace National Youth Mental Health Foundation. K.A. is supported by a Career Development Fellowship from the NHMRC (APP1141207). We thank Dr Sharnel Perera for her contributions in many aspects of the project and the team of research assistants involved in collecting the data. We thank the headspace centre staff and young people whose participation made this study possible. Funding Information: K.M.F. reports grants from the National Health and Medical Research Council during the conduct of the study. I.B.H. reports grants from Innowell Pty Ltd, grants from NHMRC, grants from NHMRC, outside the submitted work; and I.B.H. was an inaugural Commissioner on Australia's National Mental Health Commission (2012–18). He is the Co-Director, Health and Policy at the Brain and Mind Centre (BMC), University of Sydney. The BMC operates an early-intervention youth service at Camperdown under contract to headspace. He is the Chief Scientific Advisor to, and a 5% equity shareholder in, InnoWell Pty Ltd. InnoWell was formed by the University of Sydney (45% equity) and PwC (Australia; 45% equity) to deliver the $30 M Australian Government-funded Project Synergy (2017–20; a 3-year programme for the transformation of mental health services) and to lead transformation of mental health services internationally through the use of innovative technologies. All other authors report no conflict of interest. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 The Author(s).",
year = "2020",
month = sep,
day = "5",
doi = "10.1192/bjo.2020.68",
language = "English",
volume = "6",
pages = "1–8",
journal = "BJPsych Open",
issn = "2056-4724",
number = "5",
}
