Temporal and interspecific variation in rates of spread for insect species invading Europe during the last 200 years

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• interspecific variation 100%
• insect 65%
• temporal variation 58%
• Europe 47%
• rate 22%
• introduced species 17%
• plant trade 15%
• political change 10%
• woody plant 9%
• guild 8%
• globalization 8%
• ecological impact 8%
• customs 8%
• long-term change 8%
• herb 8%
• economic impact 8%
• translocation 8%
• herbivore 8%
• European Union 7%
• residence time 6%
• human activity 5%
• crop 5%
• iron 5%

Agriculture & Biology

• temporal variation 73%
• interspecific variation 67%
• insects 43%
• detritivores 18%
• globalization 18%
• herbaceous plants 16%
• economic impact 15%
• woody plants 14%
• European Union 14%
• herbivores 11%
• dates (fruit) 11%
• iron 10%
• crops 7%