TY - JOUR
T1 - The CRAVE and ARGE scales for motivation states for physical activity and sedentarism
T2 - Brazilian Portuguese translation and single-item versions
AU - Filgueiras, Alberto
AU - Stults-Kolehmainen, Matthew A.
AU - Boullosa, Daniel
AU - Sinha, Rajita
AU - Bartholomew, John B.
AU - McKee, Paul
AU - Gilson, Todd A.
AU - Keegan, Richard
AU - Viana, Artur
AU - Bueno, Fabio Amador
AU - Medeiros, André Ricarte
AU - Militão-de-Leutério, Sofia F.
AU - Ash, Garrett I.
N1 - Funding Information:
GA was supported by a fellowship from the Office of Academic Affiliations at the United States Veterans Health Administration, a Robert E. Leet and Clara Guthrie Patterson Trust Mentored Research Award, Bank of America, N.A., Trustee, American Heart Association Grant #852679 (GA, 2021–2024), and the National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under a mentored research scientist development award (K01DK129441).
Funding Information:
A special gratitude goes to Alexandra Turner (Simsbury, Connecticut) for her language expertise. The authors also wish to thank Khristdman Cavalcanti (João Pessoa, Brazil) for translation assistance. Bruno Galvão and Rodrigo Pieri (both of University of Santa Ursula, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) and Pedro Pires (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) were the scale raters. Additional thanks is due to Jessica Alves (Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil), Miguel Blacutt (University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States), and Stephen Taerum (Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, United States). The use of the full, 13-item ARGE, as well as the single-item CRAVE and ARGE measures, is unconditional as long as the proper reference is provided. The ARGE is available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/365797582_Brazilian_translation_of_the_CRAVE_scale_ARGE_Anseios_por_Repouso_e_Gastos_de_Energia.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2023 Filgueiras, Stults-Kolehmainen, Boullosa, Sinha, Bartholomew, McKee, Gilson, Keegan, Viana, Bueno, Medeiros, Militão-de-Leutério and Ash.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Motivation states for physical activity and sedentarism potentially vary from moment to moment. The CRAVE scale (Cravings for Rest and Volitional Energy Expenditure) was developed to assess transient wants and desires to move. Three studies were conducted with the aims of: (1) translating and validating the scale in Brazilian Portuguese, (2) examining changes with exercise, and (3) determining the best single-item for Move and Rest subscales for English and Portuguese. In Study 1, six bilingual speakers translated the scale into Brazilian Portuguese [named Anseios por Repouso e Gastos com Energia (ARGE)]. The ARGE had good content validity coefficients across three dimensions (0.89–0.91), as determined by three independent, bilingual referees. 1,168 participants (mean age = 30.6, SD = 12.2) from across Brazil completed an online version of the ARGE. An Exploratory Factor Analysis found two clear, oblique, and inversely related factors (Move and Rest; GFI = 1.00, RMSR = 0.03). Reliability was good (Cronbach α’s: 0.93 and 0.92). Two models of the scale (10 vs. 13 items) were compared with Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The previously validated version using 10 scored items (GFI = 1.00, RMSEA = 0.07, RMSR = 0.02) outperformed the version scored with 13 items. State anxiety and exercise behavior had small associations with Move and Rest (−0.20 to 0.26). In Study 2, ARGE Move scores had high correspondence post-session (ICC = 0.83) for 9 women performing short Sprint Interval Training (sSIT; 6 sessions). Large, but non-significant, effects were detected for changes in motivation states with sSIT. In Study 3, IRT analyses found that for the United States sample, “be physically active” and “be still” were the most representative items for Move and Rest, respectively, while for the Brazil sample they were “exert my muscles” and “be a couch potato.” Overall, it was found that: (A) the ARGE scale demonstrated good psychometric properties, (B) the original scoring (with 10 items) resulted in the best model, (C) it had small associations with exercise behavior, and (D) the subscales were reduced to single items that varied by country, indicating potential cultural differences in the concept of motivation states for physical activity.
AB - Motivation states for physical activity and sedentarism potentially vary from moment to moment. The CRAVE scale (Cravings for Rest and Volitional Energy Expenditure) was developed to assess transient wants and desires to move. Three studies were conducted with the aims of: (1) translating and validating the scale in Brazilian Portuguese, (2) examining changes with exercise, and (3) determining the best single-item for Move and Rest subscales for English and Portuguese. In Study 1, six bilingual speakers translated the scale into Brazilian Portuguese [named Anseios por Repouso e Gastos com Energia (ARGE)]. The ARGE had good content validity coefficients across three dimensions (0.89–0.91), as determined by three independent, bilingual referees. 1,168 participants (mean age = 30.6, SD = 12.2) from across Brazil completed an online version of the ARGE. An Exploratory Factor Analysis found two clear, oblique, and inversely related factors (Move and Rest; GFI = 1.00, RMSR = 0.03). Reliability was good (Cronbach α’s: 0.93 and 0.92). Two models of the scale (10 vs. 13 items) were compared with Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The previously validated version using 10 scored items (GFI = 1.00, RMSEA = 0.07, RMSR = 0.02) outperformed the version scored with 13 items. State anxiety and exercise behavior had small associations with Move and Rest (−0.20 to 0.26). In Study 2, ARGE Move scores had high correspondence post-session (ICC = 0.83) for 9 women performing short Sprint Interval Training (sSIT; 6 sessions). Large, but non-significant, effects were detected for changes in motivation states with sSIT. In Study 3, IRT analyses found that for the United States sample, “be physically active” and “be still” were the most representative items for Move and Rest, respectively, while for the Brazil sample they were “exert my muscles” and “be a couch potato.” Overall, it was found that: (A) the ARGE scale demonstrated good psychometric properties, (B) the original scoring (with 10 items) resulted in the best model, (C) it had small associations with exercise behavior, and (D) the subscales were reduced to single items that varied by country, indicating potential cultural differences in the concept of motivation states for physical activity.
KW - affectively charged motivation states
KW - depression
KW - exercise
KW - motivation
KW - physical activity
KW - psychometrics
KW - sedentary behavior
KW - Sprint Interval Training
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85170538038&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1106571
DO - 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1106571
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85170538038
SN - 1664-1078
VL - 14
SP - 1
EP - 19
JO - Frontiers in Psychology
JF - Frontiers in Psychology
M1 - 1106571
ER -