TY - JOUR
T1 - The Effects of Prickly Pear Fruit and Cladode (Opuntia spp.) Consumption on Blood Lipids
T2 - A Systematic Review
AU - Gouws, Caroline
AU - Mortazavi, Reza
AU - Mellor, Duane
AU - Mckune, Andrew
AU - Naumovski, Nenad
N1 - Funding Information:
Ms Caroline Gouws is a recipient of the Research Training Program Scholarship (RTP-S), provided by the Department of Education and Training of the Commonwealth Government, Australia .
Funding Information:
Ms Caroline Gouws is a recipient of the Research Training Program Scholarship (RTP-S), provided by the Department of Education and Training of the Commonwealth Government, Australia.The authors; Dr Reza Mortazavi and Dr Duane D. Mellor declare that they have no conflict of interest. Ms Caroline Gouws is a recipient of an Innovation Award ?OnPrime?, funded by CSIRO. Ms Gouws's funding was not used in the preparation of this manuscript. Dr Nenad Naumovski and Dr Andrew McKune have received an industry grant from ?Chiron Health Products?, registered with the University of Canberra Research and Innovation Office (Reg: UC-R00141) but the fund was not used for the purpose of this publication. The funders had no role in the design of the study, collection, analyses, or interpretation of data, writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.
Funding Information:
The authors; Dr Reza Mortazavi and Dr Duane D. Mellor declare that they have no conflict of interest. Ms Caroline Gouws is a recipient of an Innovation Award ‘OnPrime’, funded by CSIRO . Ms Gouws’s funding was not used in the preparation of this manuscript. Dr Nenad Naumovski and Dr Andrew M c Kune have received an industry grant from ‘Chiron Health Products’, registered with the University of Canberra Research and Innovation Office (Reg: UC-R00141) but the fund was not used for the purpose of this publication. The funders had no role in the design of the study, collection, analyses, or interpretation of data, writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2020/5
Y1 - 2020/5
N2 - Background
The current dietary recommendations for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction include increased fruit and vegetable consumption. The Opuntia spp., Prickly Pear (PP) fruit is rich in dietary fiber and may have lipid-lowering effects but it is often confused with the PP stem/leaf (Cladode (CLD)), or not identified. The efficacy of the PP fruit and CLD in reducing CVD risk is a growing area of research.
Methods
This systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42018110643), examined the effects of consuming the Opuntia spp. components (PP or CLD) on CVD risk factors, specifically total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG). The review, performed from February through September 2019, used resources available through Food Science and Technology Abstracts (EBSCO), Medline, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science and Cochrane databases.
Results and Discussion
Eleven articles met the inclusion criteria, which characterised Opuntia spp. products as either PP (n = 6), CLD (n = 5) or commercial products’ (n=1). Effects were investigated in healthy and obese populations as well as those with metabolic illnesses, specifically type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. PP consumption was associated with significant reductions in TC (p < 0.05) in all but one included study, whereas in the remaining studies (n=6), LDL-C levels decreased (p < 0.05). Separately, the effect of CLD consumption on lipids was small with one study reporting a significant increase in plasma HDL-C in a subgroup of participants (>45 years of age) following consumption of a patented CLD powder product. It is plausible, that differences in overall effect may be due to compositional distinctions between CLD and PP, such as fiber composition. Care must be taken in future studies to accurately report the identity of the selected components of Opuntia spp.
AB - Background
The current dietary recommendations for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction include increased fruit and vegetable consumption. The Opuntia spp., Prickly Pear (PP) fruit is rich in dietary fiber and may have lipid-lowering effects but it is often confused with the PP stem/leaf (Cladode (CLD)), or not identified. The efficacy of the PP fruit and CLD in reducing CVD risk is a growing area of research.
Methods
This systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42018110643), examined the effects of consuming the Opuntia spp. components (PP or CLD) on CVD risk factors, specifically total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG). The review, performed from February through September 2019, used resources available through Food Science and Technology Abstracts (EBSCO), Medline, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science and Cochrane databases.
Results and Discussion
Eleven articles met the inclusion criteria, which characterised Opuntia spp. products as either PP (n = 6), CLD (n = 5) or commercial products’ (n=1). Effects were investigated in healthy and obese populations as well as those with metabolic illnesses, specifically type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. PP consumption was associated with significant reductions in TC (p < 0.05) in all but one included study, whereas in the remaining studies (n=6), LDL-C levels decreased (p < 0.05). Separately, the effect of CLD consumption on lipids was small with one study reporting a significant increase in plasma HDL-C in a subgroup of participants (>45 years of age) following consumption of a patented CLD powder product. It is plausible, that differences in overall effect may be due to compositional distinctions between CLD and PP, such as fiber composition. Care must be taken in future studies to accurately report the identity of the selected components of Opuntia spp.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85083051027&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102384
DO - 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102384
M3 - Article
SN - 0965-2299
VL - 50
SP - 1
EP - 30
JO - Complementary Medical Research
JF - Complementary Medical Research
M1 - 102384
ER -
