Virtual reality-based digitisation for endangered heritage sites: Theoretical framework and application

The longevity and survival of the ancient heritage sites, especially those in isolated locations, have been gradually threatened over the past decades, due to the globalisation and subsequent socio-cultural changes. As a result (of these changes), the future of these ancient sites remains uncertain. Therefore, this study aims to develop a digitally integrated framework using Virtual Reality, VR, technology to digitally document and create a simulated environment of the endangered heritage sites and present how new urban and construction developments may impact their presence. Hence, this study applied a qualitative longitudinal method to present the steps required to collect the data, develop a narrative-based framework and interactively present it via the VR project. The developed framework was, then, validated through the field data collection, across five years, from a very unique case study; Kandan, Iran as the last cone-shaped community settlement in the world, and its result was effectively displayed and exhibited at QUT IMPACT exhibition in Australia over a one-week period. The outcomes of this research could successfully raise awareness, encourage engagement and action and question the status quo of this heritage settlement through an interactive and engaging exhibition with the public.